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How to correctly predict match outcome 75% of the time

Studying a player's form is only one part of predicting who will come out on top in a tennis match. For instance, you cannot predict a tennis match based on a player's ranking. Statistical analysis has shown that only 55-60% of the time the higher ranked player wins. Particularly in the men's game, the depth of field in the top 100 is incredible. It is not uncommon to see the world number 15 defeated by the world number 85.

"Surface ability is one of the most important predictors of match success"
You might think looking at a tennis player's career high rank is an indicator of how talented a player may be, however it is no better an indicator than a player's current rank. In fact it is virtually useless in juding a match outcome. Surprisingly for many, the head-to-head record is not a particularly good estimator for the match outcome. Sounds incredible, but statistically only 53% of the time the player with the better head-to-head record wins the match.

"A tennis player's ranking is not a good match predictor"
So what does work then? A player's surface ability is one of the key factors in who will win the match. There are, in general, 4 tennis court surfaces: clay, hard, grass and carpet. It is important to study how well a player performs on each surface. One method of evaluating a players surface ability is to look at a league table for that particular surface. At tennisfacts.com, there is a comprehensive list of surface rank for each of the four tennis surfaces. This is a good way of measuring how well a player does on a particular surface. Typically a player with the better surface rank wins the match two thirds of the time. A strong indicator of match success.

Recent match success is also a strong indicator. How well a player has performed in their previous two or three tournaments is important in deciding how well they may perform this week. Of course a player may reach the semi final in their last two tournaments and then lose in the first round this week! It is not a certainty the player will do well this week, but when combined with other indicators such as the surface rating, it can provide a strong estimate of how the match will turn out.

"Correctly predict the match outome 75% of the time"
Combinations of these indicators only increases how likely a player is to win. For instance, a player who has a strong tennis surface rating AND good history at this particular tournament has a probability of over 70% of winning the match. This is based on the player having a better surface rating and a better tournament history than their opponent. You can look at player's performance without comparing it to their opponent, and then looking at the two figures together to see which is better. Either method is an effective way of analysing the player's chances. Other accurate combinations include looking at a player surface rating, how well they have performed in the last few weeks, and their history at the tournament. This can predict the correct outcome on average 75% of the time.

The modern game of tennis is dominated by the serve. So often a match is decided by just one break of serve in each set. Therefore calculating a player's ability to hold serve is an important factor in the match outcome. Andy Roddick is someone who holds serve very well. Not only does he have a very fast serve, which generates a lot of aces, he has a high percentage of first serves. This combination results in a large number of powerful serves. A lethal combination. Hence Roddick wins a lot of matches because of his huge serve. The actual serve isn't the only way he wins his service games, he must follow his serve up with his groundstrokes and volleys. So, a player's ability to hold serve is an important indicator in who will win a match. This must be compared with how well a player can return serve. A server is only as good as the returner. Someone like Lleyton Hewitt or Andy Murray have a very good record in returning serves. It is important to look not only at how well a player serves, but how well their opponent receives. The ATP's official website has several detailed tables of how well a player can hold serve and how well they can return.

To re-cap, here is a list, not exhaustive, of positive inidcators as to how a match may turn out:

  • Win/Loss Ratio - how well they have done in their career
  • Number of career titles
  • Surface ability
  • Recent match success
  • Current round success - how well a player typically does in this round

Indicators which don't work are:

  • Previous week success
  • Best round at this tournament
  • Head to Head
  • Experience
  • Ranking

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